washing before eating bread
Ever wonder why...we wash before eating bread?
Our Rabbis instituted that every time a Jew eats bread he should
“wash.” Of course this is not a “surgical scrub” nor is soap required
at all. Rather we pour water on our hands twice from a vessel such as a
cup. Why was this law instituted almost exclusively for bread and not
other foods? Why must the washing take place by pouring water on our
hands?
The Halacha of washing for bread is unusual in that there are two
reasons given for its institution. One is in order to remember the Beit
Hamikdash and its practices and the other is for cleanliness and
holiness.
The Torah set up a system to both honor and reward Kohanim for their
service in the House of Hashem. During the time that the Mishkan and
Beit Hamikdash stood every Jew gave a portion of their crops to the
Kohanim. This was called Terumah. When a Jew gave the Kohen his gift of
Terumah, the grain now became holy. It may only be touched by someone
ritually pure. A person who became ritually impure, would contaminate
the Terumah through touch. In order for an impure Kohen to be able to
eat his Terumah, he would have to immerse in a mikvah (ritual bath.)
In order to help a Kohen safeguard his Terumah, the Rabbis instituted
that every Jew should wash his hands before eating bread, even bread
that was not made from Terumah. If every Jew was careful to only eat if
his hands were ritually pure, then the Kohanim would be reminded to
only touch the Terumah if they were ritually pure.
Even though today we don’t have the Beit Hamikdash and Terumah, we
still are careful to practice these Halachot. When the Beit Hamikdash
will be rebuilt, may it be speedily in our days, our adherence to these
Halachot will help the Kohanim remember and keep their special laws of
Terumah.
The second reason is based on a pasuk, verse. The Torah tells us that
Jews should make themselves holy. The Rabbis learn that this is
referring to washing one’s hands for bread. The Gemora tells us that
one who eats bread without washing his hands is as if he ate impure
bread.
The procedure for washing is to pour at least 4.5 ounces of water from
a cup that does not have a spout onto the right hand. This is done
twice, and then twice on the left. The hand is held loosely open so
that the water can reach both the front and the back. The first time
purifies the hand and the second washes off the water that had become
impure. The Gemora tells us that the reward for using a lot of water is
a will be blessed with wealth. The converse is also true. One who is
not careful in washing could lead to poverty.
May a deeper understanding of this important mitzvah
bring us to a stronger observance of it and its accompanying Brachot.
Rabbi Eliezer Kessler
Houston, TX
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